THE MARBLE COLUMNS THROUGH THE HISTORY

From the Iron Age all the great Mediterranean and oriental cultures have used marble columns as a base and decorative point of their constructions. One of the first samples is found in Egypt, more than 4,500 years ago. Its aspects to emphasize were a cylindrical shaft and capitals adorned with floral motifs, lotuses, palms or papyri. The Persians built some of the most elaborate columns of the ancient era, highlighting those of Persepolis, which were made with capitals decorated with heads of bulls. The Greco-Roman civilization used them assiduously both in interior and exterior constructions, especially in the porticos, where over time the classical architectural orders were developed: Doric, Ionic and Corinthian. These elements lost something of importance throughout the Middle Ages, where the classical orders were abandoned in favor of more ductile designs, with capitals that incorporated floral or figurative decoration corresponding to Gothic and Roma...